The abdominal cavity houses a number of organs; therefore lower abdominal pain is a commonly occurring condition. Nevertheless, abdominal pain is mostly benign in nature and is self-limited and nothing to worry about.

Digestive system related abdominal pain is gastro intestinal in nature. Cramps and spasms, with or without diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and fever along with abdominal pain and discomfort are digestive system related. Abdominal pain of gastritis is accompanied by bloating and wind. Constipation also causes abdominal pain. Ulcers cause stomach pain, especially after consuming sour and spicy food. Tea and coffee on an empty stomach or long intervals between meals cause abdominal pain indicating ulcers.

Pre-menstrual Syndrome or PMS includes lower abdominal pain and cramps. In fact PMS also causes lower back pain. Heating pads and rest, and also pain medication may be needed to alleviate the suffering of PMS.

Lower abdominal pains may also be pregnancy related. In the early stages of pregnancy there is implantation cramping and also round ligament pain. Chronic pregnancy constipation, pregnancy dehydration and unspecified aches and pains are also pregnancy related. Threatened miscarriages, incomplete miscarriages and complete miscarriages also cause lower abdominal pain. Ectopic pregnancies also cause pains in the lower abdominal region.

Gallbladder ailments cause abdominal pain. After removal of the gall bladder, over-eating and indulgence may cause abdominal pain. Similarly liver ailments including all kinds of hepatitis cause abdominal pain. One kind of abdominal pain associated with the liver, is a bilious attack. This generally happens in cases of over-eating or when the sufferer consumes food that is too rich and difficult to digest.

Urinary tract disorders cause lower abdominal pain. In this case, the patient will also experience burning and pain while urinating. The genital area will be painful and sore and moving around increases the soreness.

Appendicitis or inflammation of the appendix causes severe lower abdominal pain and tenderness on the right side. It is accompanied by fever, nausea and vomiting.

Referred pains are those that cause abdominal pain but are really related to ailments of other organs located in the back, like the kidney, or in the thoriac cavity like the lungs.  Kidney pain is severe and is mainly felt as low back pain. However, it is not uncommon for kidney pain to radiate and be felt as abdominal pain.

Cardiac pain may also be felt in the abdominal region. Pulmonary conditions such as pneumonia and lung ailments may manifest as lower abdominal pain too. Cancers of various organs can cause lower abdominal pain too.

Muscular strains and sprains related to overexertion and tiredness may radiate into the abdominal area. For example, spraining the lower back may cause lower abdominal pain if the muscles and ligaments that are injured also extend into the abdomen.

Stress and tension, especially test anxiety is commonly manifested as stomach pains accompanied by loss of hunger and retching.

Stomach infections, stomach flu and other bacterial and viral conditions will also cause pain in the abdomen.